The Danube as a Strategic Security Artery: Highlights from the Black Sea Security Forum in Odesa

On May 30–31, the Black Sea Security Forum was held in Odesa for the second year in a row — a leading platform for discussing security challenges in the Black Sea region. This year, one of the forum’s key topics was the role of the Danube as a logistical, economic, and geopolitical pillar in times of war.

Following Russia’s full-scale invasion, the Danube river route has literally become a lifeline for Ukrainian exports and global food security. It was through the Danube ports that Ukraine was able to partially overcome the maritime blockade, restore logistics chains, and deliver agricultural products to countries in critical need. Forum participants repeatedly emphasized: the Danube’s importance under these conditions is a prime example of how infrastructure becomes an instrument of strategic resilience.

The restoration of Danube port infrastructure is estimated at around €1 billion. This involves not just rebuilding, but modernization — digitalization and integration into European logistics systems. Because without a strong economy, sustainable security is impossible.

The Danube region is also a place where spheres of influence collide. Southwestern Ukraine hosts the largest land border with EU member states. Elections in Romania and Moldova have shown that Ukraine has long neglected systemic engagement with its border communities. This is a missed opportunity that must be addressed through cultural presence, humanitarian cooperation, and interregional exchanges.

Transnistria remains a source of hybrid instability that Russia actively uses as a lever of influence. Currently, this “gray zone” requires not only containment but strategic attention from the democratic community. Without neutralizing threats in border regions, peaceful conditions along the Danube itself cannot be guaranteed.

The Black Sea and the Danube as its major tributary are now viewed within a unified security framework. This was highlighted in the forum’s international session. In particular, Romanian MP Ștefan Țîntă emphasized: “An open Black Sea is a prerequisite for the economic development of three continents.” Romania has already formed a joint naval demining group with Bulgaria and Turkey and is ready to participate in ceasefire monitoring in the region.

The security of the Danube is no longer just an infrastructural or environmental issue. It is one of the key components of European security, requiring coordination at all levels — from local governance to international missions.